Home
Regional Climate Indicators Africa Asia South America North America, Central America and the Caribbean Southwest Pacific Europe Arab League

North America, Central America and the Caribbean

Annual Regional mean temperature for WMO RA 4 North America (°C, difference from the 1991-2020 average) from 1900-2024. Data are from the following six data sets: Berkeley Earth, ERA5, GISTEMP, HadCRUT5, JRA-3Q, NOAAGlobalTemp v6.

WMO RA IV North America

Annual Regional mean temperature for WMO RA 4 North America (°C, difference from the 1991-2020 average) from 1900-2024. Data are from the following six data sets: Berkeley Earth, ERA5, GISTEMP, HadCRUT5, JRA-3Q, NOAAGlobalTemp v6.

Image: png-pdf-svg
Formatted data: csv (format)
References and processing

Figure shows the trends for four sub-periods (1901-1930, 1931-1960, 1961-1990 and 1991-2024. Coloured bars show the mean trend for each region and the black vertical lines indicate the range of different estimates.

Continental trends

Figure shows the trends for four sub-periods (1901-1930, 1931-1960, 1961-1990 and 1991-2024. Coloured bars show the mean trend for each region and the black vertical lines indicate the range of different estimates.

Image: png-pdf-svg
Formatted data: csv (format)
References and processing

Key messages

Global mean temperature

The year 2024 was ranked the 1st warmest on record. The mean value for 2024 was 0.67°C relative to the 1991-2020 average (0.63-0.72°C depending on the data set used). 6 data sets were used in this assessment: Berkeley Earth, ERA5, GISTEMP, HadCRUT5, JRA-3Q, and NOAAGlobalTemp v6. Relative to a 1961-1990 baseline, the mean value for 2024 was 1.19°C (1.16-1.24°C depending on the data set used). 6 data sets were used in the assessment relative to 1961-1990.

Paragraph updated: 2025-01-28 11:38

Regional mean temperature for WMO RA 4 North America

The year 2024 was ranked the 1st highest on record. The mean value for 2024 was 1.47°C relative to the 1991-2020 average (1.37-1.59°C depending on the data set used). 6 data sets were used in this assessment: Berkeley Earth, ERA5, GISTEMP, HadCRUT5, JRA-3Q, and NOAAGlobalTemp v6. Relative to a 1961-1990 baseline, the mean value for 2024 was 2.34°C (2.22-2.50°C depending on the data set used). 5 data sets were used in the assessment relative to 1961-1990.

Paragraph updated: 2025-01-28 11:38

Dataset and processing details

WMO RA IV North America

The data in the above plot are available in a zip file containing a csv file for each data set.

Data file: WMO_RA_IV_North_America_data_files.zip
Checksum: 1a47323f9f101675836e74245c6efe71
Format: BADC CSV format

Berkeley Earth

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['Land_and_Ocean_LatLong1.nc'] downloaded from ['https://berkeley-earth-temperature.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/Global/Gridded/Land_and_Ocean_LatLong1.nc'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:50']"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_4_Berkeley Earth.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_4_Berkeley Earth.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:19:12']

ERA5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N. (2023): ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1940 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), DOI: 10.24381/cds.f17050d7 (Accessed on 2025-01-17 12:20:56)

Acknowledgement: Contains using Copernicus Climate Change Service information [2025]. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Gridded dataset created from file ['era5_2m_tas_2025.nc'] downloaded from ['']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_4_ERA5.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_4_ERA5.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:20:56']

GISTEMP

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: GISTEMP Team, 2022: GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP), version 4. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Dataset accessed 2025-01-13 12:31:56 at data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz'] downloaded from ['https://data.giss.nasa.gov/pub/gistemp/gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:56']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_4_GISTEMP.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_4_GISTEMP.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:21:39']

HadCRUT5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Acknowledgement: HadCRUT.5.0.2.0 data were obtained from http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5 on 2025-01-13 12:31:57 and are © British Crown Copyright, Met Office 2025, provided under an Open Government License, http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.anomalies.ensemble_mean.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5/data/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0/analysis/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.anomalies.ensemble_mean.nc'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:57']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_4_HadCRUT5.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_4_HadCRUT5.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 11:52:43']

JRA-3Q

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Japan Meteorological Agency. 2023, updated monthly. Japanese Reanalysis for Three Quarters of a Century (JRA-3Q). Research Data Archive at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Computational and Information Systems Laboratory. https://doi.org/10.5065/AVTZ-1H78. Accessed 2025-01-13 12:57:43.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['anl_surf125.2025MMMM', 'anl_surf125.2025MMMM.nc'] downloaded from ['', ''] at ['2025-01-13 12:57:43']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_4_JRA-3Q.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_4_JRA-3Q.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-28 11:31:26']

NOAAGlobalTemp v6

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Huang, Boyin; Yin, Xungang; Menne, Matthew J.; Vose, Russell S.; and Zhang, Huai-Min. 2024. NOAA Global Surface Temperature Dataset (NOAAGlobalTemp), Version 6.0.. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/rzxg-p717. Accessed 2025-01-17 10:52:14.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['NOAAGlobalTemp_v*.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/gridded/NOAAGlobalTemp_v.*.nc'] at ['2025-01-17 10:52:14']"
  • "Data set created from file ['NOAAGlobalTemp_v*.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/gridded/NOAAGlobalTemp_v.*.nc'] at ['2025-01-17 10:52:14']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_4_NOAA v6.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_4_NOAA v6.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-28 11:32:04']

Continental trends

Global mean temperature is based on measurements made at weather stations over land and by ships and buoys over the ocean. Temperatures are typically expressed as anomalies which are temperature differences from the average for a standard period. Here, 1850-1900 is used for the global mean. Instrumental temperature records are some of the longest climate records available, with some series extending back to the 17th century.

The data in the above plot are available in a zip file containing a csv file for each data set.

Data file: Continental_trends_data_files.zip
Checksum: efc34180a6aef6f239d76efa64379477
Format: BADC CSV format

Berkeley Earth

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['Land_and_Ocean_LatLong1.nc'] downloaded from ['https://berkeley-earth-temperature.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/Global/Gridded/Land_and_Ocean_LatLong1.nc'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:50']"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_1_Berkeley Earth.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_1_Berkeley Earth.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:19:05']

ERA5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N. (2023): ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1940 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), DOI: 10.24381/cds.f17050d7 (Accessed on 2025-01-17 12:20:53)

Acknowledgement: Contains using Copernicus Climate Change Service information [2025]. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Gridded dataset created from file ['era5_2m_tas_2025.nc'] downloaded from ['']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_1_ERA5.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_1_ERA5.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:20:53']

GISTEMP

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: GISTEMP Team, 2022: GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP), version 4. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Dataset accessed 2025-01-13 12:31:56 at data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz'] downloaded from ['https://data.giss.nasa.gov/pub/gistemp/gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:56']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_1_GISTEMP.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_1_GISTEMP.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:21:31']

HadCRUT5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Acknowledgement: HadCRUT.5.0.2.0 data were obtained from http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5 on 2025-01-13 12:31:57 and are © British Crown Copyright, Met Office 2025, provided under an Open Government License, http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.anomalies.ensemble_mean.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5/data/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0/analysis/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.anomalies.ensemble_mean.nc'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:57']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_1_HadCRUT5.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_1_HadCRUT5.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 11:52:36']

JRA-3Q

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Japan Meteorological Agency. 2023, updated monthly. Japanese Reanalysis for Three Quarters of a Century (JRA-3Q). Research Data Archive at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Computational and Information Systems Laboratory. https://doi.org/10.5065/AVTZ-1H78. Accessed 2025-01-13 12:57:43.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['anl_surf125.2025MMMM', 'anl_surf125.2025MMMM.nc'] downloaded from ['', ''] at ['2025-01-13 12:57:43']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_1_JRA-3Q.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_1_JRA-3Q.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-28 11:31:22']

NOAAGlobalTemp v6

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Huang, Boyin; Yin, Xungang; Menne, Matthew J.; Vose, Russell S.; and Zhang, Huai-Min. 2024. NOAA Global Surface Temperature Dataset (NOAAGlobalTemp), Version 6.0.. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/rzxg-p717. Accessed 2025-01-17 10:52:14.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['NOAAGlobalTemp_v*.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/gridded/NOAAGlobalTemp_v.*.nc'] at ['2025-01-17 10:52:14']"
  • "Data set created from file ['NOAAGlobalTemp_v*.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/gridded/NOAAGlobalTemp_v.*.nc'] at ['2025-01-17 10:52:14']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_1_NOAA v6.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_1_NOAA v6.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-28 11:31:55']

Berkeley Earth

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['Land_and_Ocean_LatLong1.nc'] downloaded from ['https://berkeley-earth-temperature.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/Global/Gridded/Land_and_Ocean_LatLong1.nc'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:50']"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_2_Berkeley Earth.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_2_Berkeley Earth.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:19:08']

ERA5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N. (2023): ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1940 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), DOI: 10.24381/cds.f17050d7 (Accessed on 2025-01-17 12:20:54)

Acknowledgement: Contains using Copernicus Climate Change Service information [2025]. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Gridded dataset created from file ['era5_2m_tas_2025.nc'] downloaded from ['']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_2_ERA5.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_2_ERA5.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:20:54']

GISTEMP

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: GISTEMP Team, 2022: GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP), version 4. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Dataset accessed 2025-01-13 12:31:56 at data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz'] downloaded from ['https://data.giss.nasa.gov/pub/gistemp/gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:56']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_2_GISTEMP.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_2_GISTEMP.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:21:33']

HadCRUT5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Acknowledgement: HadCRUT.5.0.2.0 data were obtained from http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5 on 2025-01-13 12:31:57 and are © British Crown Copyright, Met Office 2025, provided under an Open Government License, http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.anomalies.ensemble_mean.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5/data/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0/analysis/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.anomalies.ensemble_mean.nc'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:57']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_2_HadCRUT5.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_2_HadCRUT5.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 11:52:38']

JRA-3Q

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Japan Meteorological Agency. 2023, updated monthly. Japanese Reanalysis for Three Quarters of a Century (JRA-3Q). Research Data Archive at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Computational and Information Systems Laboratory. https://doi.org/10.5065/AVTZ-1H78. Accessed 2025-01-13 12:57:43.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['anl_surf125.2025MMMM', 'anl_surf125.2025MMMM.nc'] downloaded from ['', ''] at ['2025-01-13 12:57:43']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_2_JRA-3Q.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_2_JRA-3Q.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-28 11:31:23']

NOAAGlobalTemp v6

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Huang, Boyin; Yin, Xungang; Menne, Matthew J.; Vose, Russell S.; and Zhang, Huai-Min. 2024. NOAA Global Surface Temperature Dataset (NOAAGlobalTemp), Version 6.0.. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/rzxg-p717. Accessed 2025-01-17 10:52:14.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['NOAAGlobalTemp_v*.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/gridded/NOAAGlobalTemp_v.*.nc'] at ['2025-01-17 10:52:14']"
  • "Data set created from file ['NOAAGlobalTemp_v*.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/gridded/NOAAGlobalTemp_v.*.nc'] at ['2025-01-17 10:52:14']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_2_NOAA v6.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_2_NOAA v6.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-28 11:31:58']

Berkeley Earth

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['Land_and_Ocean_LatLong1.nc'] downloaded from ['https://berkeley-earth-temperature.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/Global/Gridded/Land_and_Ocean_LatLong1.nc'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:50']"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_3_Berkeley Earth.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_3_Berkeley Earth.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:19:10']

ERA5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N. (2023): ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1940 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), DOI: 10.24381/cds.f17050d7 (Accessed on 2025-01-17 12:20:55)

Acknowledgement: Contains using Copernicus Climate Change Service information [2025]. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Gridded dataset created from file ['era5_2m_tas_2025.nc'] downloaded from ['']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_3_ERA5.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_3_ERA5.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:20:55']

GISTEMP

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: GISTEMP Team, 2022: GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP), version 4. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Dataset accessed 2025-01-13 12:31:56 at data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz'] downloaded from ['https://data.giss.nasa.gov/pub/gistemp/gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:56']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_3_GISTEMP.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_3_GISTEMP.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:21:36']

HadCRUT5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Acknowledgement: HadCRUT.5.0.2.0 data were obtained from http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5 on 2025-01-13 12:31:57 and are © British Crown Copyright, Met Office 2025, provided under an Open Government License, http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.anomalies.ensemble_mean.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5/data/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0/analysis/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.anomalies.ensemble_mean.nc'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:57']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_3_HadCRUT5.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_3_HadCRUT5.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 11:52:41']

JRA-3Q

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Japan Meteorological Agency. 2023, updated monthly. Japanese Reanalysis for Three Quarters of a Century (JRA-3Q). Research Data Archive at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Computational and Information Systems Laboratory. https://doi.org/10.5065/AVTZ-1H78. Accessed 2025-01-13 12:57:43.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['anl_surf125.2025MMMM', 'anl_surf125.2025MMMM.nc'] downloaded from ['', ''] at ['2025-01-13 12:57:43']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_3_JRA-3Q.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_3_JRA-3Q.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-28 11:31:25']

NOAAGlobalTemp v6

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Huang, Boyin; Yin, Xungang; Menne, Matthew J.; Vose, Russell S.; and Zhang, Huai-Min. 2024. NOAA Global Surface Temperature Dataset (NOAAGlobalTemp), Version 6.0.. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/rzxg-p717. Accessed 2025-01-17 10:52:14.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['NOAAGlobalTemp_v*.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/gridded/NOAAGlobalTemp_v.*.nc'] at ['2025-01-17 10:52:14']"
  • "Data set created from file ['NOAAGlobalTemp_v*.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/gridded/NOAAGlobalTemp_v.*.nc'] at ['2025-01-17 10:52:14']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_3_NOAA v6.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_3_NOAA v6.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-28 11:32:01']

Berkeley Earth

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['Land_and_Ocean_LatLong1.nc'] downloaded from ['https://berkeley-earth-temperature.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/Global/Gridded/Land_and_Ocean_LatLong1.nc'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:50']"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_4_Berkeley Earth.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_4_Berkeley Earth.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:19:12']

ERA5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N. (2023): ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1940 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), DOI: 10.24381/cds.f17050d7 (Accessed on 2025-01-17 12:20:56)

Acknowledgement: Contains using Copernicus Climate Change Service information [2025]. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Gridded dataset created from file ['era5_2m_tas_2025.nc'] downloaded from ['']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_4_ERA5.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_4_ERA5.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:20:56']

GISTEMP

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: GISTEMP Team, 2022: GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP), version 4. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Dataset accessed 2025-01-13 12:31:56 at data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz'] downloaded from ['https://data.giss.nasa.gov/pub/gistemp/gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:56']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_4_GISTEMP.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_4_GISTEMP.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:21:39']

HadCRUT5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Acknowledgement: HadCRUT.5.0.2.0 data were obtained from http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5 on 2025-01-13 12:31:57 and are © British Crown Copyright, Met Office 2025, provided under an Open Government License, http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.anomalies.ensemble_mean.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5/data/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0/analysis/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.anomalies.ensemble_mean.nc'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:57']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_4_HadCRUT5.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_4_HadCRUT5.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 11:52:43']

JRA-3Q

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Japan Meteorological Agency. 2023, updated monthly. Japanese Reanalysis for Three Quarters of a Century (JRA-3Q). Research Data Archive at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Computational and Information Systems Laboratory. https://doi.org/10.5065/AVTZ-1H78. Accessed 2025-01-13 12:57:43.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['anl_surf125.2025MMMM', 'anl_surf125.2025MMMM.nc'] downloaded from ['', ''] at ['2025-01-13 12:57:43']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_4_JRA-3Q.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_4_JRA-3Q.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-28 11:31:26']

NOAAGlobalTemp v6

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Huang, Boyin; Yin, Xungang; Menne, Matthew J.; Vose, Russell S.; and Zhang, Huai-Min. 2024. NOAA Global Surface Temperature Dataset (NOAAGlobalTemp), Version 6.0.. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/rzxg-p717. Accessed 2025-01-17 10:52:14.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['NOAAGlobalTemp_v*.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/gridded/NOAAGlobalTemp_v.*.nc'] at ['2025-01-17 10:52:14']"
  • "Data set created from file ['NOAAGlobalTemp_v*.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/gridded/NOAAGlobalTemp_v.*.nc'] at ['2025-01-17 10:52:14']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_4_NOAA v6.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_4_NOAA v6.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-28 11:32:04']

Berkeley Earth

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['Land_and_Ocean_LatLong1.nc'] downloaded from ['https://berkeley-earth-temperature.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/Global/Gridded/Land_and_Ocean_LatLong1.nc'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:50']"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_5_Berkeley Earth.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_5_Berkeley Earth.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:19:15']

ERA5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N. (2023): ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1940 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), DOI: 10.24381/cds.f17050d7 (Accessed on 2025-01-17 12:20:57)

Acknowledgement: Contains using Copernicus Climate Change Service information [2025]. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Gridded dataset created from file ['era5_2m_tas_2025.nc'] downloaded from ['']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_5_ERA5.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_5_ERA5.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:20:57']

GISTEMP

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: GISTEMP Team, 2022: GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP), version 4. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Dataset accessed 2025-01-13 12:31:56 at data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz'] downloaded from ['https://data.giss.nasa.gov/pub/gistemp/gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:56']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_5_GISTEMP.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_5_GISTEMP.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:21:42']

HadCRUT5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Acknowledgement: HadCRUT.5.0.2.0 data were obtained from http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5 on 2025-01-13 12:31:57 and are © British Crown Copyright, Met Office 2025, provided under an Open Government License, http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.anomalies.ensemble_mean.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5/data/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0/analysis/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.anomalies.ensemble_mean.nc'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:57']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_5_HadCRUT5.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_5_HadCRUT5.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 11:52:45']

JRA-3Q

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Japan Meteorological Agency. 2023, updated monthly. Japanese Reanalysis for Three Quarters of a Century (JRA-3Q). Research Data Archive at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Computational and Information Systems Laboratory. https://doi.org/10.5065/AVTZ-1H78. Accessed 2025-01-13 12:57:43.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['anl_surf125.2025MMMM', 'anl_surf125.2025MMMM.nc'] downloaded from ['', ''] at ['2025-01-13 12:57:43']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_5_JRA-3Q.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_5_JRA-3Q.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-28 11:31:27']

NOAAGlobalTemp v6

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Huang, Boyin; Yin, Xungang; Menne, Matthew J.; Vose, Russell S.; and Zhang, Huai-Min. 2024. NOAA Global Surface Temperature Dataset (NOAAGlobalTemp), Version 6.0.. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/rzxg-p717. Accessed 2025-01-17 10:52:14.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['NOAAGlobalTemp_v*.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/gridded/NOAAGlobalTemp_v.*.nc'] at ['2025-01-17 10:52:14']"
  • "Data set created from file ['NOAAGlobalTemp_v*.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/gridded/NOAAGlobalTemp_v.*.nc'] at ['2025-01-17 10:52:14']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_5_NOAA v6.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_5_NOAA v6.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-28 11:32:06']

Berkeley Earth

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['Land_and_Ocean_LatLong1.nc'] downloaded from ['https://berkeley-earth-temperature.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/Global/Gridded/Land_and_Ocean_LatLong1.nc'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:50']"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_6_Berkeley Earth.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_6_Berkeley Earth.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:19:17']

ERA5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N. (2023): ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1940 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), DOI: 10.24381/cds.f17050d7 (Accessed on 2025-01-17 12:20:58)

Acknowledgement: Contains using Copernicus Climate Change Service information [2025]. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Gridded dataset created from file ['era5_2m_tas_2025.nc'] downloaded from ['']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_6_ERA5.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_6_ERA5.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:20:58']

GISTEMP

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: GISTEMP Team, 2022: GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP), version 4. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Dataset accessed 2025-01-13 12:31:56 at data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz'] downloaded from ['https://data.giss.nasa.gov/pub/gistemp/gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:56']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_6_GISTEMP.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_6_GISTEMP.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 12:21:44']

HadCRUT5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Acknowledgement: HadCRUT.5.0.2.0 data were obtained from http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5 on 2025-01-13 12:31:57 and are © British Crown Copyright, Met Office 2025, provided under an Open Government License, http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.anomalies.ensemble_mean.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5/data/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0/analysis/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.anomalies.ensemble_mean.nc'] at ['2025-01-13 12:31:57']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_6_HadCRUT5.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_6_HadCRUT5.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-17 11:52:48']

JRA-3Q

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Japan Meteorological Agency. 2023, updated monthly. Japanese Reanalysis for Three Quarters of a Century (JRA-3Q). Research Data Archive at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Computational and Information Systems Laboratory. https://doi.org/10.5065/AVTZ-1H78. Accessed 2025-01-13 12:57:43.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['anl_surf125.2025MMMM', 'anl_surf125.2025MMMM.nc'] downloaded from ['', ''] at ['2025-01-13 12:57:43']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_6_JRA-3Q.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_6_JRA-3Q.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-28 11:31:28']

NOAAGlobalTemp v6

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Huang, Boyin; Yin, Xungang; Menne, Matthew J.; Vose, Russell S.; and Zhang, Huai-Min. 2024. NOAA Global Surface Temperature Dataset (NOAAGlobalTemp), Version 6.0.. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/rzxg-p717. Accessed 2025-01-17 10:52:14.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • "Data set created from file ['NOAAGlobalTemp_v*.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/gridded/NOAAGlobalTemp_v.*.nc'] at ['2025-01-17 10:52:14']"
  • "Data set created from file ['NOAAGlobalTemp_v*.nc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/gridded/NOAAGlobalTemp_v.*.nc'] at ['2025-01-17 10:52:14']"
  • "Regridded to 1 degree latitude-longitude resolution"
  • "Rebaselined to 1991-2020"
  • "Calculated area-average"
  • "Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean"
  • "Selected years within the range 1900 to 2024."
  • "Wrote to file wmo_ra_6_NOAA v6.csv"
  • Data set created from file ['wmo_ra_6_NOAA v6.csv'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-28 11:32:09']

Berkeley Earth

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • Data set created from file ['Land_and_Ocean_summary.txt'] downloaded from ['https://berkeley-earth-temperature.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/Global/Land_and_Ocean_summary.txt'] at ['2025-01-13 11:56:38']

ERA5

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N. (2023): ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1940 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), DOI: 10.24381/cds.f17050d7 (Accessed on 2025-01-04 11:16:58)

Acknowledgement: Contains using Copernicus Climate Change Service information [2025]. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • Data set created from file ['C3S_Bulletin_temp_202411_Fig1b_timeseries_anomalies_ref1991-2020_global_allmonths_data.csv'] downloaded from ['https://climate.copernicus.eu/sites/default/files/ftp-data/temperature/mese/ri/ERA5_1991-2020/C3S_Bulletin_temp_202411_Fig1b_timeseries_anomalies_ref1991-2020_global_allmonths_data.csv'] at ['2025-01-04 11:16:58']
  • Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean

GISTEMP

Original data file (external link) Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: GISTEMP Team, 2022: GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP), version 4. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Dataset accessed 2025-01-08 14:54:09 at data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • Data set created from file ['GLB.Ts+dSST.csv', 'totalCI_ERA.csv'] downloaded from ['https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/tabledata_v4/GLB.Ts+dSST.csv', 'https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/uncertainty/v1.2.1/totalCI_ERA.csv'] at ['2025-01-08 14:54:09', '2025-01-01 11:45:09']

HadCRUT5

Original data file (external link) Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Acknowledgement: HadCRUT.5.0.2.0 data were obtained from http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5 on 2025-01-09 13:40:27 and are © British Crown Copyright, Met Office 2025, provided under an Open Government License, http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • Data set created from file ['HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.summary_series.global.monthly.csv', 'HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.summary_series.global.annual.csv'] downloaded from ['https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5/data/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0/analysis/diagnostics/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.summary_series.global.monthly.csv', 'https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut5/data/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0/analysis/diagnostics/HadCRUT.5.0.2.0.analysis.summary_series.global.annual.csv'] at ['2025-01-09 13:40:27', '2025-01-01 11:45:10']

JRA-3Q

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Japan Meteorological Agency. 2023, updated monthly. Japanese Reanalysis for Three Quarters of a Century (JRA-3Q). Research Data Archive at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Computational and Information Systems Laboratory. https://doi.org/10.5065/AVTZ-1H78. Accessed 2025-01-07 10:53:00.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • Data set created from file ['JRA-3Q_tmp2m_global_ts_125_Clim9120.txt'] downloaded from [''] at ['2025-01-07 10:53:00']
  • Calculated annual average from monthly averages using arithmetic mean

NOAAGlobalTemp v6

Original data file (external link)

Citation:

Data citation: Huang, Boyin; Yin, Xungang; Menne, Matthew J.; Vose, Russell S.; and Zhang, Huai-Min. 2024. NOAA Global Surface Temperature Dataset (NOAAGlobalTemp), Version 6.0.. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/rzxg-p717. Accessed 2025-01-17 16:27:07.

To produce the plot, the following processing steps were performed:

  • Data set created from file ['aravg.ann.land_ocean.90S.90N.v6.0.0.202412.asc'] downloaded from ['https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6/access/timeseries/aravg.ann.land_ocean.90S.90N.v6.0.0.202412.asc'] at ['2025-01-17 16:27:07']

Page created on 2025-01-28 using climind v1.0